gasesmajorproject

what are some applications that involve all three Gas laws?

Internal Combustion Engine

When using this the driver pushes down on the accelerator and this activates a valve that sprays gasoline droplets mixed with air into the engine. Then mixture goes into a cylinder, where a piston moves up, comoressing the gas and air. While the mixture is still at a high pressure, the electric spark plug produces a flash that ignites the gasoline-air mixture. The heat increases the volume of air, which forces the piston down into the cylinder. This opens another valve, which causing the piston to rise and release exhaust gases. As the piston moves back down again, a valve opens, bringing another burst of gasoline-air mixture into the chamber. The piston, whose downward stroke closed the valve, now shoots back up, compressing the gas and air to repeat the cycle. The reactions of the gasoline and air to changes in pressure, temperature, and volume are what move the piston, which turns a crankshafts that causes the wheels to turn.

gasesmajorproject

what are some applications that involve each of the Gases laws?

Boyle’s Law

The bubbles exhaled by a scuba diver grow as they approach the surface of the ocean. This happens because as the diver rises the volume within the lungs increases as the water pressure decreases.

Charles Law

A football inflated inside and then taken outdoors on a winter day shrinks slightly over time. This happens because as temperature decreases, volume decreases.

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Bullets and cannons are fired by trapping gas behind the bullet and is super-heated by burning gun powder and expands until the pressure of the trapped gas is to much for the bullet to hold and is forced out of the barrel.

gasesmajorproject

what other scientists contributed to the delevopment of pressure?

Well Galileo discovered it by means of a Suction pump by using air to draw water up a column like a syringe ( the water would only raise to 10 meters). Then Evangelista Torricelli  (1643), a man who studied under Galileo, determined that the limit of Galileo’s suction pump was due to Atmospheric pressure. He created the Barometer to measure atmospheric pressure. Otto Von Guericke  (1643-1645) invented the Air pump. He used the air pump to create a vacuum between two metal hemispheres and the vacuum was so strong that a team of 16 horse couldn’t pull them apart. Blaise Pascal  (1648) used Torricelli’s Barometer to discover the atmospheric pressure changed as he moved up and down a mountain. Christian Huygens  (1661) developed the Manometer to study the elastic forces of gases. John Dalton  (1801) stated that the total pressure is equal to the sum of the pressure of each gases and the pressure exerted by each gas is called Partical Pressure. Joseph Gay-Lussac (1808) observed the law of combining volume. He noticed that 2-volumes of hydrogen combine with 1-volume of oxygen to make 2 volumes of water. Later he discovered that the pressure of a gas varies directly with the temperature os the gas. Amadeo Avogadro (1811) determined that the pressure in a container is directly proportional to the number of particles in the container. Robert Boyle (1627-1691) determined that with an increase in pressure decrease the volume of the air with a J-Tube of Hg. Because of this Boyle’s law of pressure vs volume was created. Jacques Charles discovered the relationship between Temperature and Volume with the use of a piston. He also discovered the absolute zero which is the lowest possible temperature.